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Farm Guide VIC : 2014-15
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Know your cereal diseases 33 Land&WaterManagement The risk of disease infection in cereals will heighten as we move further into spring and conditions become conducive to disease development. It is estimated Australian wheat and barley growers lose almost 20 per cent ($1.2 billion) of the average crop value to fungal disease each year. COGITO® is a unique fungicide which controls major cereal diseases Controls stripe rust, as well as secondary diseases including yellow leaf spot. Quick identification of key cereal diseases is important for growers to make informed decisions on the best protection for their crop. Early reports of rust and powdery mildew in wheat and barley, net blotch and scald in barley, and yellow leaf spot in wheat, confirm the need for growers and advisors to be closely monitoring these crops. • Can infect crops at all stages of growth. • Characterised by yellow-orange powdery pustules appearing in stripes on leaves. • Favoured by cool, humid conditions, although changes have been noted in some pathotypes. • Reduces yield and grain quality. STRIPE RUST - Puccinia striiformis • Characterised by oval shaped, red-brown pustules on leaves (both sides), stems and leaf sheaths or heads. • Affected leaf and stem tissue may rupture. • Favoured by warm, humid conditions. • Reduces tillering, test weights and kernel quality. • May lead to complete crop loss. STEM RUST - Puccinia graminis • Can infect crops at most stages development. • Characterised by leaf lesions with minute black spots (fruiting bodies). Septoria tritici appearance: tan to brown irregularly shaped blotches. Septoria nodorum appearance: tan to brown oval shaped lesions. • Common in temperate regions or early sown crops. • Reduces kernel numbers, test weights and kernel quality. SEPTORIA TRITICI / SEPTORIA NODORUM BLOTCH - Mycosphaerella graminicola; Phaeosphaeria nodorum
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